What complications can arise from botulinum toxin treatment of the gummy smile, according to the chapter?

Complications from botulinum toxin treatment of a gummy smile can include smile asymmetry, lip ptosis, other lip asymmetries, and oral incompetence. These issues may arise from unequal dosing or diffusion of the toxin into unintended muscles.

Botulinum toxin treatment for a gummy smile can lead to several complications. Smile asymmetry is a common issue, especially if there is a pre-existing asymmetry that becomes more noticeable after treatment. This can occur due to unequal dosing of the toxin. Lip ptosis, or drooping, can result from excessive relaxation of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle due to high doses of botulinum toxin. Additionally, if the toxin diffuses laterally into other muscles, it can cause further lip asymmetry and impair oral functions such as speaking, eating, or drinking. While these complications can be concerning, they typically resolve as the effects of the toxin wear off over approximately two months.