What are the specific muscles targeted by botulinum toxin treatment for frown lines?
Botulinum toxin treatment for frown lines targets the glabellar complex muscles, specifically the corrugator supercilii, procerus, and depressor supercilii muscles.
Frown lines, also known as glabellar rhytids, are vertical lines that form between the medial eyebrows due to the contraction of the glabellar complex muscles. Botulinum toxin is used to treat these lines by targeting the corrugator supercilii, procerus, and depressor supercilii muscles. These muscles are responsible for drawing the eyebrows medially and inferiorly, contributing to the appearance of frown lines. By inhibiting the contraction of these muscles, botulinum toxin smooths the overlying skin, reducing the appearance of frown lines.
Key points
- Frown lines are vertical lines between the medial eyebrows.
- Botulinum toxin targets the glabellar complex muscles.
- The specific muscles targeted are the corrugator supercilii, procerus, and depressor supercilii.
- These muscles contribute to the formation of frown lines by drawing the eyebrows medially and inferiorly.
- Treatment smooths the overlying skin by inhibiting muscle contraction.
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A practical guide to botulinum toxin injections
Small, Rebecca; Hoang, Dalano;
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business